Technically if you can compile once on one arch a Go binary will run on any distro from what I've heard. You can also cross compile. There's also gccgo and I'm sure other efforts. A decent number of Go projects are advertised to run on a Raspberry Pi. I think that's good enough.
I've gone as far as compiling Go from my Android phone.
No problem, I tried out Termux mostly to test it out, and I was impressed. I was able to run a Web Server in Python... and Go was a similar story. You could open it up on your browser and all. I'm convinced all one needs to hack into any system is a good Android device with enough storage, or iOS device with their Linux emulator.
I've gone as far as compiling Go from my Android phone.
Edit here's someone else running Termux with Go:
http://rafalgolarz.com/blog/2017/01/15/running_golang_on_and...